in a new book published for the Catholic Church’s jubilee year, Pope Francis has called for an investigation to determine if Israel’s operation in Gaza constitutes genocide. Despite Israel’s enemies’ avowed extermination goals, the Pope has never referred to Hamas, Islamic Jihad, Hezbollah, Houthis, or the Iraqi militias as having distinctly genocidal intent.despite Israel’s enemies’ avowed extermination goals, the Pope has never referred to Hamas, Islamic Jihad, Hezbollah, Houthis, or the Iraqi militias as having distinctly genocidal intent.